The use of machinery in landscaping can increase work efficiency. In this regard, this paper analyzes the status quo and development trend of garden machinery at home and abroad.
The connotation of landscaping is very rich. It is not only an important part of urban infrastructure construction and environmental construction, but also the main content of spiritual civilization construction and material civilization construction. It must reflect the ecological function, but also reflect the functions of economy, culture, entertainment and leisure. Therefore, landscaping operations have a series of distinctive features such as wide coverage, many industries, large differences, seasonal and time-limited, and regional specialities.
1 Domestic and foreign status of garden machinery
The development of landscaping machine equipment has been nearly a hundred years old. In the early 20th century, Western developed countries began to use machinery in the heavy work of landscaping. At that time, they mainly used lifting conveyors and agricultural machinery, such as transporting and loading materials with cars and cranes, and pre-planting land with tractors and ploughs. Finishing and so on.
The development of domestic landscaping machinery and equipment began in the late 1970s, and began to enter a period of rapid development in the 1990s. The main sign is that in addition to the garden machinery factory and the forestry machinery factory producing landscaping machinery and equipment, a number of strengths Strong general machinery and machine tool factories have also begun to produce different types of landscaping machinery, and some small landscaping machines have begun to be exported abroad. The import of advanced landscaping machinery and equipment has increased significantly. Landscaping machinery of some large companies in the United Kingdom, Germany, Sweden, Japan and other countries have entered the domestic market. The companies that distribute domestic and international landscaping machinery and equipment have emerged in large numbers, and their scale has also expanded. They have initially formed a national distribution network. However, in general, the varieties of domestic landscaping machinery and equipment are still relatively simple, and the performance, quality and manufacturing level are still relatively backward. Compared with developed countries, there is a big gap. The proportion of domestic landscaping mechanization operations is still small. Compared with the degree of mechanization in developed countries, the gap is very obvious. In general, China is still in the initial stage of the development of landscaping machinery and equipment.
2 Development trend of garden machinery at home and abroad
In the 21st century, the development of landscaping machinery and equipment at home and abroad will be further accelerated, and the domestic mechanization of landscaping operations will soon be realized in China, and the mechanization level of developed countries will further develop to a higher level. In the coming period, the development of landscaping machinery and equipment at home and abroad will present the following trends.
First, continue to vigorously develop new products for landscaping machinery and equipment, and develop towards automation and comfort. In the 1980s, when the lawn mowers entered the family courtyard, the lawn-trimming machine was the leading product. In the 1990s, the pedestrian-operated self-propelled lawn mower gradually replaced the walking maneuver. Lawn trimmers, although the price of the walk-behind lawn mowers without drive wheels is very cheap, but few people in Europe and the United States have been interested. In the 21st century, the small-seat maneuvering mount lawn mower began to gradually replace the pedestrian-operated self-propelled lawn trimmer. In particular, the zero-turn radius can be achieved, and the maneuverability is very good. The full-hydraulic lawn tractor that can be used in one machine has been widely welcomed by users. It is expected that there will be more automation and more comfortable operation in the near future. The lawn machinery appeared. At present, the lawn mowers currently produced in China are still dominated by walking manipulation, which is the level of developed countries in the 1980s and has been eliminated in foreign countries. We should study and track the history of landscaping machinery development in Western countries, drawing on their experiences and lessons in order to narrow the gap with Western countries at the product level.
The second is to actively develop a multi-purpose and joint working machine for landscaping machinery. The concept of a multi-purpose machine and a joint work machine are different, the purpose is different, and the applicable objects are different. Multi-purpose machine refers to a machine that can be equipped with a variety of work devices or accessories. Different devices can be replaced to complete different operations to improve machine utilization. A joint working machine refers to a machine that can simultaneously install a plurality of working devices, and simultaneously complete a plurality of operations that need to be performed sequentially in order to improve the working efficiency and labor productivity of the machine. The multi-purpose of one machine is mainly for the courtyard of the family or enterprise, as well as the general small park. Because of their relatively small scale, it is always desirable to complete all the work with as few mechanical varieties as possible.
The third is to greatly improve the environmental performance of landscaping machinery and equipment. The 21st century is a century that pays more attention to environmental protection. Now people's environmental awareness has been greatly improved. The environmental laws and regulations of various countries have been increasingly perfected, and the environmental protection requirements for landscaping machinery and equipment that are mainly used in urban open-air operations are becoming more and more strict. For example, many states in the United States have already enacted their own legislation, stipulating that all machines must meet certain emission standards and noise to enter the region. Therefore, many large-scale landscaping machinery and equipment manufacturing enterprises have taken or are taking measures to develop and produce “green” landscaping machinery products with low pollution or even no pollution. The two-stroke gasoline engine that was commonly used in small-scale landscaping machinery, although simple in structure and small in weight, is currently used in small landscaping machinery, such as walking, in addition to hand-held small machinery due to high noise and heavy pollution. The lawn mowers have been gradually replaced by four-stroke gasoline engines, and a new generation of low-noise, low-pollution small gasoline engines have begun to be put on the market. Even for hand-held garden machines, such as hand-held hedge trimmers, the two-stroke gasoline engine has a tendency to be replaced by small motors. The environmental performance of mechanical products is bound to become one of the important indicators for evaluating its quality.
The fourth is to further improve the safety of landscaping machinery and equipment. There are three aspects to safety: one is the safety of the machine itself to prevent accidental failure or damage to the machine; the other is the safety of the operator to prevent the operator from being injured in the operation; Safety to the surrounding population to prevent machinery from harming others during work. These three aspects are important, especially for people who are more harmful than mechanical and other injuries. These safety devices will also be more diversified, more perfect and more effective in the application of various products of landscaping machinery and equipment.
Garden machinery repair tips
In the daily use of various garden machinery, there will always be a variety of problems, good maintenance (www.360hyh.com) that in fact some problems can be avoided or easily ruled out.
First, remove scale. Wash the two large peeled and seeded loofahs, place them in a water tank, and replace them regularly.
Second, the repair of the broken paper pad. Apply a little butter on both sides of the paper pad, then cut two thin white papers of the same size as the paper pad, attach them to both sides of the paper pad, attach them to the machine, and tighten the nuts to eliminate leakage.
3. The joint between the two ends of the high-pressure oil pipe and the fuel injector and the oil outlet valve leaks. Here, the machining accuracy of the contact surface and the fastening force of the union nut are kept sealed. When the contact surface is worn and leaked, a round copper skin can be cut from the waste cylinder gasket, and a small hole is placed in the middle, and the gasket is placed on the convex head. It can be between the pits.
Fourth, the iron filter decontamination. The iron filter of the air filter is difficult to wash with diesel. If the filter is stained with diesel, it can be ignited and burned. After the fire is extinguished, the core is knocked with a wooden stick to make the pyrotechnics fall off, and the inside and outside of the filter can be completely removed. Object.
5. Remove dirt from the fine filter. The dirt and dirt in the rotor oil filter are not easy to remove. If you put a layer of paper on the inner wall of the rotor with butter and let the soil adhere to the paper, remove the paper during maintenance and the soil can be completely removed.
Sixth, bend the oil pipe. The copper tubing is hard and inconvenient to bend. It can burn the parts that need to be bent with charcoal fire, and immediately put it into the water to cool, it will become soft and easy to bend.
Seventh, the treatment of tires "going yin". Take two tablespoons of talcum powder, remove the valve core, let go of the inner air, insert the valve into the funnel with hard paper, and pour the talcum powder into the inner tube. When the filling is not in progress, the paper funnel can be taken, and the wheel is rotated and then poured until the filling is completed, and then the valve core is filled with sufficient gas. After inflation, the talcum powder spreads out in the tire and is diffusely attached to the inner sidewall to block the leakage of tiny pores.
